Year 1 · Foundations · Professional Vocabulary
Financial Vocabulary FR ↔ EN
Master the bilingual vocabulary used in accounting, valuation, markets, rates, credit, equities, derivatives, portfolio management, banking and interviews — with definitions, context and common translation traps.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
What you should be able to explain after this lesson
01
Use core finance terms naturally in both English and French.
02
Distinguish close but non-equivalent terms such as revenue, income, profit, yield and return.
03
Recognize context-dependent words such as equity, spread, margin, duration and leverage.
04
Understand the vocabulary used in markets, banking, valuation and interview questions.
05
Translate finance concepts without relying on literal word-for-word translation.
06
Speak more precisely when explaining a company, trade, portfolio or market view.
CONCEPT MAPA finance vocabulary map
Revenue, profit, cash and equity are not interchangeable
CORE FACTS · SAME IN EVERY MODE
Revenue is the top-line amount recognized from selling goods or services; profit is what remains after relevant expenses.
Income can refer to different profit measures depending on context, such as operating income or net income.
Cash flow is not the same as accounting earnings because accrual accounting creates timing and non-cash differences.
Equity can mean shareholders' book equity, the equity asset class, or ownership interest depending on context.
BeginnerTeaching style changes, knowledge does not.
If a company sells $1 million of products, that is revenue, not profit. After costs, interest and taxes, perhaps only $80,000 remains as net income. If customers have not paid yet, cash may still be different again.
PROFESSIONAL VOCABULARYRevenue / chiffre d’affaires / revenue Gross profit / marge brute en valeur / gross profit Operating income / résultat opérationnel / operating income Net income / résultat net / net income Balance sheet / bilan / balance sheet Cash flow statement / tableau des flux de trésorerie / cash flow statement Accounts receivable / créances clients / accounts receivable Accounts payable / dettes fournisseurs / accounts payable
Amount recognized from sales before expenses.
Revenue minus cost of goods or services sold.
Profit after operating costs before selected financing, tax and non-operating items.
Accounting profit attributable after recognized expenses, interest, taxes and other items.
Point-in-time statement of assets, liabilities and equity.
Statement explaining cash movements through operating, investing and financing activities.
Amounts customers owe the company for recognized sales.
Amounts the company owes suppliers.